Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV) are commonly used for transport and logistics services worldwide. They are widely used in cold-climate regions because of the availability of natural gas as a fuel source and its ability to heat its own combustion engine, reducing emissions and increasing efficiency. CNG stands for compressed natural gas, which is created by compressing natural gas until it condenses into a liquid form. It is stored in CNG cylinders that are smaller than traditional LPG cylinders. These cylinders can be filled at fueling stations or at home using an installed compressor and dispenser unit. This article will look at the different types of NGV Cylinders, standards, safety measures, storage and handling methods, and their pros and cons.
Types of CNG cylinders
CNG cylinders come in a few different types, each with its own range of capacities and uses. Some of these are- – Steel Cylinders – When it comes to durability and strength, steel cylinders are the most common type used. Their thick walls ensure they can withstand the pressures of high-pressure gas without cracking. Caps and valves made of stainless steel are also common features. This type of cylinder is typically used for low-pressure CNG with a capacity of up to 1000 lbs. – Stainless steel cylinders – These are lighter than steel cylinders and can withstand higher pressures, making them more suitable for commercial use.
They are also more expensive. – Aluminum cylinders are lighter and thinner than steel cylinders and can withstand higher pressures, making them more suitable for commercial use. They are also more expensive. – Composite cylinders – These cylinders are built from carbon fiber and epoxy resin with a stainless steel interior and are often used in marine, aviation, and off-road applications. Caps and valves are often made of stainless steel. This type of cylinder is typically used for low-pressure CNG and has a capacity of up to 500 lbs.
NGVs and the standards they need to follow
If you are using NGV in a commercial setting, you need to be aware of the specifications and standards for your vehicle. Here are a few important things to keep in mind. – CNG tank size – CNG tanks come in a range of capacities, from 1,000 to 15,000 gallons. The standard CNG tank size for light-duty NGV is 200 gallons; for heavy-duty NGV, it is 350 gallons. You can use a larger tank, but the vehicle must be recertified. – CNG tank location – CNG tanks should be installed behind the rear axle or to the side of the rear axle. In rare cases, they can be installed in the front of the vehicle, but it is not recommended due to potential passenger safety issues. – CNG fuel system components should be made of stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant material.
When it comes to valves, they should have three-way valves to prevent backflow and a method to ensure they are closed during maintenance, servicing, and fueling. – CNG engine modifications – Most natural gas engines use a spark igniter. You can also use a glow plug or diesel ignition system, but you will need to have the engine modified. NGV cylinders cost less and are affordable and convenient.
Safety measures while using CNG cylinders
– Use a CNG pressure gauge to check your CNG cylinders’ pressure and ensure it is always at the recommended level. – Check regularly for signs of damage or wear. If you notice any irregularities, replace your cylinders as soon as possible. – Use a CNG cylinder tester to test for leaks. If your CNG cylinder is leaking, it must be replaced immediately. – Make sure your system is properly installed and in good working order. – Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when handling, storing and using your cylinders. – Wear safety gear, gloves, eye protection, and a breathing mask.
Storage and handling of CNG cylinders
– Keep cylinders away from heat sources, as heat can damage them. – Keep them out of direct sunlight, as UV rays can damage them. – Do not store them in unventilated areas as they may build up pressure. – Store them upright, away from any potential sources of impact. – Store them out of the reach of children and pets. – Do not use a cylinder if it has been involved in a fire or explosion. – If a cylinder seems damaged in any way, replace it. – Do not drop them or try to move them while they are pressurized.
Pros of using CNG cylinders
CNG cylinders are a reliable and efficient way to fuel your vehicle, and they are a clean and low-emission fuel source. They are also easy to transport and store, making them an ideal choice for commercial applications. CNG cylinders may be more expensive than traditional LPG, but they offer a longer lifespan and are often cheaper to purchase upfront, thanks to the lower upfront cost. CNG cylinders are also easy to install and suitable for various vehicle types, including heavy-duty vehicles, cars, and trucks. Finally, CNG is readily available and can be used at any time of the year.
Conclusion
Natural gas is an excellent choice for a vehicle’s fuel source, and CNG cylinders are the most common method of storing and transporting it. These cylinders are suitable for commercial use and can be installed in various vehicles, including heavy-duty vehicles and trucks. CNG cylinders come in a few different types, each with their own capacity and uses. They are often more expensive than LPG, but they offer a longer lifespan and are easier to install. CNG cylinders must be kept upright, away from heat sources and direct sunlight, and they should be stored correctly to prevent damage.
